Article quality and publication impact via levels of analysis incorporation: An illustration with transformational/charismatic leadership

Calls for the inclusion of levels of analysis in theory building and testing have increased over the last 25 years. Through analysis of 539 published articles we assess the prevalence of incorporation of levels of analysis in theory/hypothesis formulation, measurement, data analysis, and subsequent theory–data alignment (i.e., article quality) within charismatic and transformational leadership research. Additionally, we examine the relationship between incorporation of levels of analysis into research and publication source quality, as reflected by journal impact factors or when not available, estimated journal impact factors. When controlling for the level of analysis within all articles, results revealed that increasing the complexity of the level of analysis (i.e., higher than individual level), increased the likelihood that measurement, analysis and alignment of theory and data would be presented at the appropriate levels of analysis. In contrast, for articles with published impact factors, when controlling for the level of analysis, results revealed that increasing the complexity of the level of analysis (i.e., higher than individual level) decreased the likelihood that measurement, analysis and alignment of theory and data would be presented at the appropriate levels of analysis.     

On‐Shelf Availability,Retail Performance,and External Audits: A Field Experiment

A potential answer to retailer's shelf out‐of‐stocks (OOS), where the item is in the store but customers cannot find it, is to employ third‐party service providers to execute audits and corrections. However, given the nontrivial cost of executing external audits, it is still necessary to assess whether external audits are capable of reducing shelf‐OOS, whether they can be performed in an economical way, and whether the benefits from the audits translate into higher sales. In an effort to address these questions, we partnered with a product manufacturer and a retail service provider and conducted a field experiment in a national retailer's store set. We used transactional data to detect abnormal operations and respond to possible shelf‐OOS by sending auditors to correct empty shelves and incorrect inventory records. At the conclusion of the experiment, we found that Stock Keeping Units in the treatment group were less likely to have shelf‐OOS and inventory record inaccuracies, and that our intervention had a positive effect on sales. Furthermore, we found that the external audit initiative is economically viable since these improvements required low auditing efforts after a transitional period, and in steady state the cost of running the program is a small fraction of the benefits it generates. We discuss the limitations of our study and the implications of our findings for researchers and practitioners.     

Minimum diameter cost-constrained Steiner trees

Given an edge-weighted undirected graph $G=(V,E,c,w)$ where each edge $e\in E$ has a cost $c(e)\ge 0$ and another weight $w(e)\ge 0$ , a set $S\subseteq V$ of terminals and a given constant $\mathrm{C}_0\ge 0$ , the aim is to find a minimum diameter Steiner tree whose all terminals appear as leaves and the cost of tree is bounded by $\mathrm{C}_0$ . The diameter of a tree refers to the maximum weight of the path connecting two different leaves in the tree. This problem is called the minimum diameter cost-constrained Steiner tree problem, which is NP-hard even when the topology of the Steiner tree is fixed. In this paper, we deal with the fixed-topology restricted version. We prove the restricted version to be polynomially solvable when the topology is not part of the input and propose a weakly fully polynomial time approximation scheme (weakly FPTAS) when the topology is part of the input, which can find a $(1+\epsilon )$ –approximation of the restricted version problem for any $\epsilon >0$ with a specific characteristic.     

医院管理中手术排程研究现状及发展前景

在国外,医院手术排程问题已经是一个研究热点,并且取得了丰硕的理论和应用成果,而在国内,目前尚属空白研究阶段。中国正处于提高医院管理水平的关键时期,对手术排程的研究文献加以综述、评价,介绍国外医院手术排程理论最新发展动态、实际应用情况及其在中国的研究前景,这不仅可以推进中国医院管理理论研究工作,而且对中国医院借鉴国外先进的手术排程方法提高手术室利用率具有重要指导意义。     

货币供应量传导研究——基于新凯恩斯DSGE模型的研究

本文以新凯恩斯主义理论为基础,通过构建一个动态随机一般均衡模型(DSGE),考察了不同粘性下货币供应量冲击在我国经济中的传导。采用了贝叶斯方法估计DSGE模型的参数,并运用脉冲响应分析冲击的传导。研究发现,DSGE模型对中国的经济数据拟合较好,可以用来分析中国的经济问题;投资在货币供应量冲击的传导中发挥着重要作用,消费的传导作用较小;在估计的模型参数的基础上,受约束的仿真实验说明单一名义粘性不改变冲击的传导途径,尽管在单一名义粘性情形下,产出、通胀等对冲击的响应与双粘性情形时有所不同。     

竞争关系下制造商专项投资对分销商机会主义行为的影响

以往研究仅关注了一对交易关系中,制造商专项投资对分销商机会主义行为的影响。本文引入制造商的竞争者,探讨了制造商与其竞争者专项投资水平的不对等对上述关系的调节作用。通过对家电行业276对制造商与分销商关系的实证研究发现:投入专项资产的制造商会采取吸收分销商专项投资的方式抑制其机会主义行为的发生。当制造商的竞争者也对分销商进行专项投资时,制造商与竞争者专项投资的不对等性明显改变了制造商专项投资对分销商机会主义行为的作用效果。本文的研究结论对于面临激烈竞争的制造商合理制定投资决策,减少分销商机会主义行为的侵害具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

流动性调整的最优交易策略模型研究

通过放松理想化市场的假设条件,构建流动性调整的最优交易策略模型,并证明了交易策略在任意初始持仓、不同行情时的性质.研究表明在行情看涨时,若初始持仓过量则应采取"U型"卖出策略;若初始持仓适量,则应采取"递增型"卖出策略;若初始持仓为较少的多头或空头,则应采取先"递增型"买入,而后"递增型"卖出的策略;若逆市持有过量的空...     

中国管理实践研究的研究主体与评价主体——基于金蝶的管理研究实践

随着中国管理实践研究的深入发展,其研究主体多元化的格局正逐渐清晰起来。除了高校和研究机构中的管理学者是重要的研究主体之外,诸如管理咨询机构、企业研究院等也日益成为不可忽视的研究力量。研究主体与评价主体之间存在多种不同的对应关系,这其中蕴藏着关于客户的深层次问题。金蝶的管理研究实践,不仅对这一问题予以回应,也引发了对由实践客户驱动的评价路径与策略的探索。管理学者可以寻求社会中的多股力量,来共同推动中国管理实践研究的发展及其评价系统的优化。     

Impact of Value‐Added Service Features in e‐Retailing Processes: An Econometric Analysis of Web Site Functions

We examine the impact of three classes of Web site functions (foundational, customer‐centered, and value‐added) upon e‐retailer performance. Using secondary panel data for 2007–2009 on operating characteristics of over 600 e‐retailers, our econometric analysis finds that only the value‐added service functions are positively associated with changes in e‐retail sales revenues across time. We also observe a decreasing marginal impact of deploying additional value‐added service features. To account for possible alternate explanations, we control for firm‐ and time‐specific fixed effects, merchant types, merchandise categories, and order fulfillment strategies. By further decomposing e‐retail sales revenues into Web site traffic, conversion rate, and average order value, we find that Web site functions affect e‐retail sales revenues mainly through their impact on Web site traffic. Our investigation demonstrates the empirical research usefulness of the Voss conceptual e‐service sand cone model. Our results identify for managers where to focus ongoing e‐retailing system development efforts, yet suggest that focusing too many retailing capabilities on exploratory and experimental value‐added service features may backfire, potentially leading to worsening e‐retailer performance.     

Analysis and approximation for bank selection instruction minimization on partitioned memory architecture

A large number of embedded systems include 8-bit microcontrollers for their energy efficiency and low cost. Multi-bank memory architecture is commonly applied in 8-bit microcontrollers to increase the size of memory without extending address buses. To switch among different memory banks, a special instruction, Bank Selection, is used. How to minimize the number of bank selection instructions inserted is important to reduce code size for embedded systems.